PASSIVE VOICE IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE
9
The Contrast in English and Vietnamese Passive Voice
Obviously, English has a clear passive voice in terms of morphological and
syntactic aspect. On the other hand, in Vietnamese, there are many arguments about
the existence of passive voice and “bị”,“được” sometimes are not considered as
passive markers. In morphological aspect, English passive
– meaning sentences are
strict with morphological criteria and the verb has to change its form.
Ex: Tom is given a new comic book.
In Vietnamese, passive voice sentence simply
often mark with “bị” “được”
Ex: Nam được cô giáo khen (Nam was appraised by the teacher)
About the frequency of using
According to some researchers, passive voice has a very important role in English,
especially in some academic papers. Furthermore, English tend to use passive voice
in their daily conversation than Vietnamese. On the contrary, using passive voice in
Vietnamese is going to cause unnaturalness and sounds weird.
Language Family
English belongs
to Indo
– European language and is
an inflectional language
while Austro-Asiatic and non
– inflectional are characteristics of Vietnamese.
Form
The form of passive voice in English: be +
past participle
In Vietnamese: b
ị /được + verb
PASSIVE VOICE IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE
10
Besides some differences
mentioned above, English and Vietnamese also share some
similarities. Both English and Vietnamese passive used to highlight action than the
agent and passive voice is favored in newspapers or academic areas. However
in daily
conversation, Vietnamese do not usually use passive voice so unnaturalness and
inappropriateness usually occur in translating from English into Vietnamese, especially
translating word by word.
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